中华卫生杀虫药械

目的 分析潍坊市2011—2023年主要虫媒传染病流行病学特征，为虫媒传染病的防控策略制定提供依据。方法 收集潍坊市主要虫媒传染病的传染病监测资料和人口资料，进行发病时间分析、病例分布地图绘制和统计推断，并运用Joinpoint回归分析计算年变化率(APC)和年均变化率(AAPC)。结果 2011—2023年潍坊市主要虫媒传染病的发病趋势总体分析差异无统计学意义，2014—2023年呈现下降趋势，APC为-10.3%(-13.8%～-6.7%);肾综合征出血热、斑疹伤寒发病总体呈现下降趋势，AAPC分别为-10.1%(-15.3%～-4.7%)、-12.3%(-17.6%～-6.7%),其他5种传染病发病水平总体较为稳定，其中恙虫病2014—2023年呈现下降趋势，APC为-10.3%(-17.8%～-2.3%)。虫媒传染病发病居前3位的是临朐县(8.62/10万)、青州市(6.52/10万)和诸城市(6.39/10万),登革热、疟疾均为境外输入病例，登革热输入来源以东南亚国家为主(6例，66.67%),疟疾输入来源以非洲为主(70例，95.89%)。虫媒传染病发病男女性别比为1.69∶1(3 191∶1 883),发病年龄主要为26～75岁年龄段，占报告总病例数的89.59%,前3位的人群类型为农民(87.45%)、工人(3.15%)、家务及待业(1.93%)。结论 潍坊市2011—2023年主要虫媒传染病发病整体呈现下降趋势，在虫媒的繁殖、活动的影响下发病季节性明显，发病人群主要为职业暴露人群，应当根据不同疾病的特点制定针对性的防控策略。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of major vector-borne diseases in Weifang from 2011 to 2023, so as to provide a basis for developing strategies for the prevention and control of these diseases. Methods Collected surveillance data of major vector-borne diseases and demographic information in Weifang were used to conducted time-series analysis of disease onset, mapping of case distribution, and statistical inference. Joinpoint regression analysis was employed to calculate the annual percentage change(APC) and average annual percentage change(AAPC). Results The overall analysis of the incidence trend of major vector-borne infectious diseases in Weifang City from 2011 to 2023 showed no statistically significant differences, but a downward trend was observed from 2014 to 2023, with an APC of-10.3%(-13.8% to-6.7%). The incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and typhus showed an overall downward trend, with AAPCs of-10.1%(-15.3% to-4.7%) and-12.3%(-17.6% to-6.7%), respectively. The incidence levels of the other five infectious diseases remained relatively stable overall, with scrub typhus showing a downward trend from 2014 to 2023, whose APC was-10.3%(-17.8% to-2.3%). The top three regions with the highest incidence rates were Linqu(8.62 per 100 000), Qingzhou(6.52 per 100 000), and Zhucheng(6.39 per 100 000). Both dengue fever and malaria cases were imported from abroad, with dengue fever mainly from Southeast Asian countries(6 cases, 66.67%) and malaria mainly from Africa(70 cases, 95.89%). The male-to-female ratio of cases was 1.69:1(3 191 males to 1 883 females), with the primary affected age group being 26-75 years old, accounting for 89.59% of the total reported cases. The top three occupational groups affected were farmers(87.45%), workers(3.15%), and those engaged in housework or unemployed(1.93%). Conclusion From 2011 to 2023, the overall incidence of major vector-borne diseases in Weifang shows a declining trend. The incidence exhibits clear seasonality influenced by vector breeding and activity, with the primary affected groups being those with occupational exposure. Targeted prevention and control strategies should be developed based on the characteristics of different diseases.