中华卫生杀虫药械

目的掌握青岛市蚊虫种群构成与分布,为指导蚊虫及蚊媒病的防治提供科学依据。方法采用CO2诱蚊灯法采集不同环境成蚊,采用布雷图指数法监测伊蚊孳生情况;勺捕法采集不同水体幼虫带回实验室饲养,待孵化后鉴定。结果 2016年青岛市优势蚊种为淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊,分别占47.53%和8.54%,且广泛分布于全市城区和乡村,其中城区白纹伊蚊构成比10年间上升了14.59倍。局部优势蚊种为骚扰阿蚊、凶小库蚊、中华按蚊,主要分布于青岛农村养殖户、农户居民区、莱西市姜山湿地等区域,并首次发现常型曼蚊和黄色柯蚊。6-9月布雷图指数均较低,但7月个别居民区为8,达到国家规定的控制登革热发生传播的阈值。大、中型水体基本上见不到蚊幼虫,但小型积水蚊幼虫阳性率较高,孵化后大多数为白纹伊蚊。结论蚊虫种群密度和季节消长与不同的气候和生境有关。

Objective To observe the species and geographic distribution of mosquitoes and provide the scientific basis information for control. Methods Collecting adult mosquitoes from different environment using carbon dioxide method,monitoring the breeding situation of Aedes by Breteau index method,and collecting larva from waters with spoon method. Results The dominate population of mosquitoes in Qingdao was Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus,respectively accounting for 47. 53% and 8. 54%,and distributed widely in urban and rural areas. The percentage of Aedes albopictus increased by 14. 59 times in the past ten years in urban areas. Local dominant species were Armigeres subalbatus,Culex modestus,Anopheles sinensis,mainly distributed in the rural areas,Jiangshan Wetlands of Laixi City.Mansonia uniformis and Coquillettidia ochracea were the first recorded in Qingdao.The Breteau index was low from June to September. It reached 8 in July in some residential and achieved the national control of dengue fever transmission threshold. The mosquito larvae were hardly found in large waters,mostly in small waters;most mosquitoes after eclosion were Aedes albopictus. Conclusion Mosquito population density and seasonal fluctuation are related to different climates and environments.