中华卫生杀虫药械

目的了解江阴市近十年常见蚊虫种类、密度和季节消长规律,为有效防治蚊虫、控制蚊媒传染病提供依据。方法采用诱蚊灯法进行监测,分析各蚊种的构成比例、不同环境蚊密度差异及蚊密度的季节消长规律。结果共捕蚊21 182只,蚊密度为1.06只/(灯·h)。捕获的蚊虫隶属2亚科4属5种,其中淡色(致倦)库蚊、骚扰阿蚊和三带喙库蚊为优势蚊种。捕获蚊虫总密度呈波浪式上升,在2014年达到高峰,为1.60只/(灯·h)。所监测的5种生境中以牲畜棚的蚊密度最高,为1.90只/(灯·h),各生境均以淡色库蚊为主,但不同生境的蚊种构成不全相同(χ²=997.424,P<0.001),差异有统计学意义。总蚊密度季节消长呈单峰,高峰出现在7月,为2.59只/(灯·h)。不同蚊种蚊密度季节消长曲线不同,其中淡色(致倦)库蚊呈单峰曲线,骚扰阿蚊呈双峰曲线,三带喙库蚊则呈三峰分布。不同环境中各蚊种蚊密度均呈单峰曲线,且均在7月达到最高值。牲畜棚峰值最高,为3.99只/(灯·h);居民区峰值最低,为0.94只/(灯·h)。结论江阴市蚊虫主要防治对象是淡色(致倦)库蚊、骚扰阿蚊和三带喙库蚊,牲畜棚、农户是重点控制生境,建议在每年7月蚊密度高峰来临之前采取综合措施灭蚊,且要在冬季杀灭越冬蚊。

Objective To understand the species,population density and seasonal fluctuations of mosquitoes in Jiangyin in the last decade and provide the reference for the control of mosquitoes and related infectious diseases.Methods The surveillance data of adult mosquitoes by light traps were collected.The species composition,density variation in different habitats and seasonal fluctuations of mosquitoes were analyzed.Results A total of 21 182 mosquitoes were captured,belonging to 5 species,4 genera and 2 subfamilies,with a density of 1.06 insects per lamp in an hour.The dominant species were Culex pipiens pallens,Armigeres subalbatus and Culex tritaeniorhynchus.The total density of mosquitoes captured rose in a wave pattern,peaked as 1.60 insects per lamp in an hour in 2014.Livestock sheds,with a density of 1.90 insects per lamp in an hour,was the highest in the five habitats,where Culex pipiens pallens was predominant.The composition of mosquito species in the five habitats was significantly different(χ²=997.424,P<0.001).The seasonal adults density dynamic was a unimodal curve with a peak of 2.59 insects per lamp in an hour in July.The seasonal fluctuation curves of mosquito density were different among different mosquito species.The seasonal adult density dynamic of Culex pipiens pallens was a single peak curve,Armigeres subalbatus was a double peak curve and Culex tritaeniorhynchus was a three peak curve.The mosquito density's curves of different mosquito species in different habitats showed single curves with peaks in July.The peak value of mosquito density in livestock shed was the highest with a density of 3.99 insects per lamp in an hour.And the peak value of mosquito density in residential areas was the lowest with a density of 0.94 insects per lamp in an hour.Conclusions Culex pipiens pallens,Armigeres subalbatus and Culex tritaeniorhynchus were the main control objects in Jiangyin City,and livestock sheds and peasant households were the key control habitats.Comprehensive control measures should be taken before the arrival of the peak mosquito density in July every year,and overwintering mosquitoes should be killed in winter.